Glyoxylate and glutamate effects on photosynthetic carbon metabolism in isolated chloroplasts and mesophyll cells of spinach.

Effects of carbon dioxide and oxygen on the regulation of photosynthetic carbon metabolism by ammonia in spinach mesophyll cells.

Photosynthetic carbon metabolism of isolated spinach mesophyll cells was characterized under conditions favoring photorespiratory (PR; 0.04% CO(2) and 20% O(2)) and nonphotorespiratory (NPR; 0.2% CO(2) and 2% O(2)) metabolism, as well as intermediate conditions. Comparisons were made between the metabolic effects of extracellularly supplied NH(4) (+) and intracellular NH(4) (+), produced primar...

Effects of intermediates of the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle on carbon metabolism in spinach chloroplasts illuminated on filter paper discs.

Metabolism of Glycolate in Isolated Spinach Leaf Peroxisomes : KINETICS OF GLYOXYLATE, OXALATE, CARBON DIOXIDE, AND GLYCINE FORMATION.

The flow of glyoxylate derived from glycolate into various metabolic routes in the peroxisomes during photorespiration was assessed. Isolated spinach leaf peroxisomes were fed [(14)C] glycolate in the absence or presence of exogenous glutamate, and the formation of radioactive glyoxylate, CO(2), glycine, oxalate, and formate was monitored at time intervals. In the absence of glutamate, 80% of t...

Reversible swelling and contraction of isolated spinach chloroplasts.

By use of a micro technique for producing extracts of spinach mesophyll cells, chloroplasts were isolated in a state wherein they displayed microscopically visible, reversible osmotic properties. Swollen spherical chloroplasts treated with hypertonic sucrose or mannitol media, but not NaCl, could be shrunken to a state resembling their disk appearance in living cells. Reversible osmotic behavio...

Intracellular localization of enzymes in leaves and chloroplast membrane permeability to compounds involved in amino acid syntheses.

1. Enzyme distribution between chloroplasts and the nonchloroplast parts of green leaf cells of Spinacia oleracea, Nicotiana rustica, Vicia faba, and Phaseolus vulgaris have been investigated by use of the nonaqueous chloroplast isolation technique. Whereas pyruvate kinase and peroxidase were located only or mainly outside of the chloroplasts, the other enzymes studied, isocitric dehydro­ genas...